Arshine Tilmicosin possesses strong antibacterial properties, with excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics. It also enhances the immune system of animals. Recent research indicates that tilmicosin has antiviral effects in treating specific pig diseases, in addition to its antibacterial properties. Furthermore, tilmicosin shows no cross-resistance with other commonly used antibiotics, making it highly effective in treating various animal diseases.

Compared to tylosin, tilmicosin requires lower dosages, has a longer-lasting effect, causes fewer side effects, leaves minimal residues in the body, and is safe and non-toxic. As a new-generation, safe, and effective antimicrobial agent for livestock and poultry, tilmicosin has become a go-to option for promoting growth and treating diseases, especially in the face of increasingly complex and atypical animal disease conditions.

Mechanisms of Tilmicosin's Antibacterial Action:

1. Inhibition of Bacterial Protein Synthesis:
   Tilmicosin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic designed specifically for livestock and poultry. It features a 16-membered lactone ring, with hydroxyl groups connected to sugars or substituted sugars through glycosidic bonds. This large ring structure provides stability with minimal strain. Tilmicosin exerts its antibacterial effect by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It binds reversibly to the 50S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting translocase activity and affecting ribosomal translocation, which in turn blocks the elongation of peptide chains and protein synthesis. As a result, it acts as a bacteriostatic agent during the bacterial growth phase.
   Tilmicosin is considered one of the safest antibiotics due to its low toxicity, partially because it does not bind to the 80S ribosomes of mammals.

2. Enhancement of the Body’s Defense Mechanism:
   Tilmicosin can synergize with macrophages to enhance their bactericidal function. Under normal conditions, macrophages in the alveoli engulf bacteria and mycoplasma gathered at the site of infection. These pathogens are then destroyed by the digestive enzymes within the macrophages, releasing antigenic immune components that stimulate antibody production through lymphocyte communication. However, not all pathogens engulfed by macrophages are killed. When tilmicosin is administered, it aids macrophages in killing the pathogens more effectively.
   Studies have also confirmed that when pigs are co-infected with the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), the number of macrophages decreases, and their immune function is reduced. In such cases, tilmicosin can help restore macrophage function to near-normal levels. Additionally, tilmicosin inhibits neutrophil necrosis, induces apoptosis, and prevents the worsening of inflammation. It may also act as an immunomodulator, regulating immune function and thereby strengthening the body’s defense mechanisms.

Given these properties, tilmicosin is often combined with florfenicol, carbasalate calcium, and potentiated sulfonamides (containing synergistic agents) in clinical treatment for respiratory diseases in livestock and poultry. This combination enhances the treatment of infections caused by Pasteurella, Salmonella, Mycoplasma, and other pathogens. The synergy between florfenicol's effectiveness against these bacteria and the high lipid solubility of the potentiated sulfonamides ensures that this tilmicosin-based compound offers a broad antimicrobial spectrum, strong efficacy, long-lasting effects, and thorough treatment for upper and lower respiratory bacterial and mycoplasma infections in livestock and poultry.